Trade in textiles continued to grow throughout the century and formed an important part of the economy for many areas from England to Italy. This century saw the beginnings of the Little Ice Age, and glazing was rare, even for the rich (most houses just had wooden shutters for the winter). Wool was the most important material for clothing, due to its numerous favourable qualities, such as the ability to take dye and its being a good insulator. St John the Baptist wears his iconographical clothes, but the sainted English kings Edward the Confessor and Edmund the Martyr are in contemporary royal dress. Fabrics and furs The young Richard II of England, kneeling, wears a houppelande of silk brocade with the badge of his livery. In the course of the century the length of male hemlines progressively reduced, and by the end of the century it was fashionable for men to omit the long loose over-garment of previous centuries (whether called tunic, kirtle, or other names) altogether, putting the emphasis on a tailored top that fell a little below the waist-a silhouette that is still reflected in men's costume today. Also, the use of lacing and buttons allowed a more snug fit to clothing. The draped garments and straight seams of previous centuries were replaced by curved seams and the beginnings of tailoring, which allowed clothing to more closely fit the human form. Costume historian James Laver suggests that the mid-14th century marks the emergence of recognizable " fashion" in clothing, in which Fernand Braudel concurs. The lady wears a blue cloak lined in vair, or squirrel, furįashion in fourteenth-century Europe was marked by the beginning of a period of experimentation with different forms of clothing. In the lower panel, the man is dressed as a pilgrim on the Way of St James with the requisite staff, scrip or shoulder bag, and cockle shells on his hat. It does confirm “what we already suspected from watching our visitors interact on site”, said Stone, who added that adults will also be encouraged to take part in hands-on history sessions such as neolithic crafts or exercises at a sword fighting school.Costumes in the period 1300–1400 Clothing of the first half of the 14th century is depicted in the Codex Manesse. Nyhout recalled the fun she and everyone else had when she went to a wedding in Canada and all the guests had to be dressed in gold rush costumes.Īnyone who was at Whitby Abbey last year when 1,369 people turned up dressed as vampires in a successful world record attempt will know the thrill everyone appeared to get by dressing up. “Adults’ imaginations can be just as vivid as children’s but what they already know about the world constrains imagination in some cases and enhances it in others.” “Instead, it shows that our imaginations continue to grow and change even throughout adulthood, with the over 60s actually showing the most originality. “These new findings dispel the commonly held belief that humans lose their imaginations as they age,” she said. Photograph: Jim Holden/English HeritageĪmong the more striking conclusions was the increase in originality with age – older adults were more likely to provide more detailed and colourful ideas.Īngela Nyhout, an assistant professor who led the research, said this showed people needed the right environment and opportunity to explore the limits of imagination. Research found older adults were more likely to provide more detailed and colourful ideas.
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